一、TensorFlow介紹
1、簡介
TensorFlow是一個基于數據流編程（dataflow programming）的符號數學系統，被廣泛應用于各類機器學習（machine learning）算法的編程實現，其前身是谷歌的神經網絡算法庫DistBelief 。Tensorflow擁有多層級結構，可部署于各類服務器、PC終端和網頁并支持GPU和TPU高性能數值計算，被廣泛應用于谷歌內部的產品開發和各領域的科學研究 。TensorFlow由谷歌人工智能團隊谷歌大腦（Google Brain）開發和維護，擁有包括TensorFlow Hub、TensorFlow Lite、TensorFlow Research Cloud在內的多個項目以及各類應用程序接口（Application Programming Interface, API）。自2015年11月9日起，TensorFlow依據阿帕奇授權協議（Apache 2.0 open source license）開放源代碼 。
2、TensorFlow 支持的系統
以下 64 位系統上測試過 TensorFlow 并且這些系統支持 TensorFlow：
- Python 3.5–3.8
- Ubuntu 16.04 或更高版本
- Windows 7 或更高版本（含 C++ 可再發行軟件包）
- macOS 10.12.6 (Sierra) 或更高版本（不支持 GPU）
- Raspbian 9.0 或更高版本
二、安裝步驟
1、檢查確認python版本
root@ubuntuvm:~# python3 -V
Python 3.8.5
2、安裝venv模塊
root@ubuntuvm:/home# apt install python3-venv python3-dev
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libc-dev-bin libc6 libc6-dbg libc6-dev libcrypt-dev libexpat1-dev libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev linux-libc-dev manpages-dev python-pip-whl
python3-distutils python3.8-dev python3.8-venv zlib1g zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
glibc-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcrypt-dev libexpat1-dev libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev linux-libc-dev manpages-dev python-pip-whl python3-dev
python3-distutils python3-venv python3.8-dev python3.8-venv zlib1g-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
libc6 libc6-dbg zlib1g
3 upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 233 not upgraded.
Need to get 21.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 56.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
3、創建項目目錄
bdsc@ubuntuvm:~$ mkdir mytensorflow
bdsc@ubuntuvm:~$ cd mytensorflow/
4、創建虛擬環境
bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ python3 -m venv tenf
5、激活虛擬環境
bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ source tenf/bin/activate
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$
6、升級pip
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ pip3 -V
pip 20.0.2 from /home/bdsc/mytensorflow/tenf/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-21.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 1.0 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Attempting uninstall: pip
Found existing installation: pip 20.0.2
Uninstalling pip-20.0.2:
Successfully uninstalled pip-20.0.2
Successfully installed pip-21.0
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ pip3 -V
pip 21.0 from /home/bdsc/mytensorflow/tenf/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
7、安裝tensorflow
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ pip3 install tensorflow
Collecting tensorflow
Downloading tensorflow-2.4.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (394.4 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 394.4 MB 4.9 kB/s
Collecting tensorflow-estimator2.5.0,>=2.4.0
Downloading tensorflow_estimator-2.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (462 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 462 kB 24 kB/s
Collecting astunparse~=1.6.3
Downloading astunparse-1.6.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
Collecting protobuf>=3.9.2
Downloading protobuf-3.14.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (1.0 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.0 MB 35 kB/s
Collecting gast==0.3.3
Downloading gast-0.3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (9.7 kB)
Collecting flatbuffers~=1.12.0
Downloading flatbuffers-1.12-py2.py3-none-any.whl (15 kB)
Collecting absl-py~=0.10
Downloading absl_py-0.11.0-py3-none-any.whl (127 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 127 kB 52 kB/s
Collecting wheel~=0.35
Downloading wheel-0.36.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Collecting termcolor~=1.1.0
Downloading termcolor-1.1.0.tar.gz (3.9 kB)
Collecting wrapt~=1.12.1
Downloading wrapt-1.12.1.tar.gz (27 kB)
Collecting grpcio~=1.32.0
Downloading grpcio-1.32.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (3.8 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 3.8 MB 35 kB/s
Collecting six~=1.15.0
Downloading six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (10 kB)
Collecting typing-extensions~=3.7.4
Downloading typing_extensions-3.7.4.3-py3-none-any.whl (22 kB)
Collecting tensorboard~=2.4
Downloading tensorboard-2.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (10.6 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 10.6 MB 46 kB/s
Collecting keras-preprocessing~=1.1.2
Downloading Keras_Preprocessing-1.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (42 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 42 kB 43 kB/s
Collecting h5py~=2.10.0
Downloading h5py-2.10.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (2.9 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 2.9 MB 46 kB/s
Collecting opt-einsum~=3.3.0
Downloading opt_einsum-3.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 65 kB 45 kB/s
Collecting google-pasta~=0.2
Downloading google_pasta-0.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (57 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 57 kB 26 kB/s
Collecting numpy~=1.19.2
Downloading numpy-1.19.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (14.9 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 14.9 MB 65 kB/s
Collecting markdown>=2.6.8
Downloading Markdown-3.3.3-py3-none-any.whl (96 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 96 kB 66 kB/s
Collecting google-auth-oauthlib0.5,>=0.4.1
Downloading google_auth_oauthlib-0.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)
Collecting werkzeug>=0.11.15
Downloading Werkzeug-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (298 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 298 kB 44 kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=41.0.0 in ./tenf/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from tensorboard~=2.4->tensorflow) (44.0.0)
Collecting tensorboard-plugin-wit>=1.6.0
Downloading tensorboard_plugin_wit-1.8.0-py3-none-any.whl (781 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 781 kB 43 kB/s
Collecting requests3,>=2.21.0
Downloading requests-2.25.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (61 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 61 kB 57 kB/s
Collecting google-auth2,>=1.6.3
Downloading google_auth-1.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (114 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 114 kB 37 kB/s
Collecting rsa5,>=3.1.4
Downloading rsa-4.7-py3-none-any.whl (34 kB)
Collecting pyasn1-modules>=0.2.1
Downloading pyasn1_modules-0.2.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (155 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 155 kB 34 kB/s
Collecting cachetools5.0,>=2.0.0
Downloading cachetools-4.2.1-py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
Collecting requests-oauthlib>=0.7.0
Downloading requests_oauthlib-1.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (23 kB)
Collecting pyasn10.5.0,>=0.4.6
Downloading pyasn1-0.4.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (77 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 77 kB 42 kB/s
Collecting chardet5,>=3.0.2
Downloading chardet-4.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (178 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 178 kB 47 kB/s
Collecting idna3,>=2.5
Downloading idna-2.10-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 58 kB 31 kB/s
Collecting urllib31.27,>=1.21.1
Downloading urllib3-1.26.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (136 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 136 kB 33 kB/s
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17
Downloading certifi-2020.12.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (147 kB)
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Collecting oauthlib>=3.0.0
Downloading oauthlib-3.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (147 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 147 kB 36 kB/s
Using legacy ‘setup.py install' for termcolor, since package ‘wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy ‘setup.py install' for wrapt, since package ‘wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: urllib3, pyasn1, idna, chardet, certifi, six, rsa, requests, pyasn1-modules, oauthlib, cachetools, requests-oauthlib, google-auth, wheel, werkzeug, tensorboard-plugin-wit, protobuf, numpy, markdown, grpcio, google-auth-oauthlib, absl-py, wrapt, typing-extensions, termcolor, tensorflow-estimator, tensorboard, opt-einsum, keras-preprocessing, h5py, google-pasta, gast, flatbuffers, astunparse, tensorflow
Running setup.py install for wrapt … done
Running setup.py install for termcolor … done
Successfully installed absl-py-0.11.0 astunparse-1.6.3 cachetools-4.2.1 certifi-2020.12.5 chardet-4.0.0 flatbuffers-1.12 gast-0.3.3 google-auth-1.24.0 google-auth-oauthlib-0.4.2 google-pasta-0.2.0 grpcio-1.32.0 h5py-2.10.0 idna-2.10 keras-preprocessing-1.1.2 markdown-3.3.3 numpy-1.19.5 oauthlib-3.1.0 opt-einsum-3.3.0 protobuf-3.14.0 pyasn1-0.4.8 pyasn1-modules-0.2.8 requests-2.25.1 requests-oauthlib-1.3.0 rsa-4.7 six-1.15.0 tensorboard-2.4.1 tensorboard-plugin-wit-1.8.0 tensorflow-2.4.1 tensorflow-estimator-2.4.0 termcolor-1.1.0 typing-extensions-3.7.4.3 urllib3-1.26.2 werkzeug-1.0.1 wheel-0.36.2 wrapt-1.12.1
8、驗證tensoflow2是否安裝成功
1、查看安裝模塊及版本
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ pip3 show tensorflow
Name: tensorflow
Version: 2.4.1
Summary: TensorFlow is an open source machine learning framework for everyone.
Home-page: https://www.tensorflow.org/
Author: Google Inc.
Author-email: packages@tensorflow.org
License: Apache 2.0
Location: /home/bdsc/mytensorflow/tenf/lib/python3.8/site-packages
Requires: typing-extensions, google-pasta, protobuf, wrapt, gast, tensorboard, opt-einsum, flatbuffers, numpy, wheel, astunparse, keras-preprocessing, six, termcolor, tensorflow-estimator, grpcio, absl-py, h5py
Required-by:
2、查看import tensorflow是否報錯
3、使用TensorFlow打印hello,Tensorflow
(tenf) bdsc@ubuntuvm:~/mytensorflow$ python3
Python 3.8.5 (default, Jul 28 2020, 12:59:40)
[GCC 9.3.0] on linux
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.environ[‘TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = ‘2'
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tf.compat.v1.disable_eager_execution()
>>> hello = tf.constant(‘Hello, Tensorflow!')
>>> sess = tf.compat.v1.Session()
>>> print(sess.run(hello))
b'Hello, Tensorflow!'
三、FAQ
1、import tensorflow時報錯無法加載動態庫libcudart.so.11.0
解決方法：
在import tensorflow as tf語句前加上如下語句
import os
os.environ[‘TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = ‘2'
import tensorflow as tf
2、報錯session屬性找不到
原因：
報錯AttributeError: module ‘tensorflow' has no attribute ‘Session'。這其實不是安裝錯誤，是因為在新的Tensorflow 2.0版本中已經移除了Session這一模塊。
解決方法：
改換運行代碼，tf.compat.v1.Session()
到此這篇關于Ubuntu20.04環境安裝tensorflow2的實現的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Ubuntu20.04安裝tensorflow2內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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