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1、發送get請求

#導包
import requests
#定義一個url
url = "http://xxxxxxx"
#傳遞參數
payload="{\"head\":{\"accessToken\":\"\",\"lastnotice\":0,\"msgid\":\"\"},\"body\":{\"user_name\":\"super_admin\",\"password\":\"b50c34503a97e7d0d44c38f72d2e91ad\",\"role_type\":1}}"
headers = {
  'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
  'Cookie': 'akpsysessionid=bafc0ad457d5a99f3a4e53a1d4b32519'
}
#發送get請求
r = requests.get( url=url,headers=headers, data=payload)
#打印結果
print(r.text)
#解碼
print(r.encoding)
print(r.text.encode('utf-8').decode('unicode_escape'))#先把返回的結果轉換成utf-8，再去解碼成中文的編碼

2、發送post請求

#導包
import requests
#定義一個url
url = "http://xxxxxxx"
#傳遞參數
payload="{\"head\":{\"accessToken\":\"\",\"lastnotice\":0,\"msgid\":\"\"},\"body\":{\"user_name\":\"super_admin\",\"password\":\"b50c34503a97e7d0d44c38f72d2e91ad\",\"role_type\":1}}"
headers = {
 'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
 'Cookie': 'akpsysessionid=bafc0ad457d5a99f3a4e53a1d4b32519'
}
#發送post請求
r = requests.post( url=url,headers=headers, data=payload)
#打印結果
print(r.text)

3、發送https請求

import requests
url='https://www.ctrip.com/'
#第一種解決方案，發送請求的時候忽略證書，證書的參數verify用的比較多
r=requests.post(url=url,verify=False)#verify參數默認為True，值為False，表示忽略證書
#第二張解決方案，verify里面添加證書的路徑
r=requests.post(url=url,verify='證書的路徑')#verify參數默認為True，值為False，表示忽略證書
print(r.text)

4、文件上傳

import requests
file = {
    'filename':open('文件名稱','rb')
}
response = requests.post("網址",file)
print(response.text)

5、文件下載

#小文件下載
import requests
r = requests.get("https://img.sitven.cn/Tencent_blog_detail.jpg")
with open(r"D:\a.jpg", "wb") as f:
    f.write(r.content)

#大文件下載
import requests
def test_downloads(url, file):
    s = requests.session()
    r = s.get(url, stream=True, verify=False)
    with open(file, "wb") as f:
        for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=512):
            f.write(chunk) 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = "https://www.url.com/test/export"
    file = "D:\\a.xlsx"
    test_downloads(url=url, file=file)

6、timeout超時

#導包
import requests
#循環10次
for i in range(0,10):
    try:
        url="http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
        data={
            "head":{"lastnotice":0,"msgid":"","accessToken":"89a08bff-15d7-4d7a-9967-0b5f4fb699ce"},
            "body":{"clinicid":"978f661e-1782-43bd-8675-b0ff1138ab7c","deptid":"09b8515b-b01b-4771-9356-aed6b5aa01bf","doctorid":"65ac0251-10ff-473a-af8a-20e8969176f7","registtype":0,"card_num":"","bcc334":"","patientopt":1,"bkc368":"1","patient":{"cardid":"","medicalcardid":"","label":"","sourcetype":1,"nationid":"01","maritalstatus":0,"address":"","company":"","jobname":"","email":"","remark":"","bcc334":"","name":"11","gender":1,"phone":"","birthdate":"2020-03-23","patienttype":1,"szsbcardid":""}}
        }
#發送post請求，超時時間0.03s
        r=requests.post(url=url,json=data,timeout=0.03)
        print(r.text)
        print(r.cookies)
    except:
        print('error')

7、鑒權

7.1、auth參數鑒權

import requests
url = 'http://192.168.1.1'
headers = {} # 有的不帶頭也能請求到 不帶頭可以忽略這行 和headers=headers,這兩處
r = requests.get(url, auth=('admin', '123456'), headers=headers, timeout=10)
print(r.text)

7.2、session操作

#實例化session
session = requests.session()
#使用session發起請求
response = session.post(url,headers=req_header,data=form_data)

7.3、token操作

import requests
url="http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"

json={
    "head":{"accessToken":"","lastnotice":0,"msgid":""},
    "body":{"username":"15623720880","password":"48028d2558577c526a017883211b4066","forceLogin":0}
}
r=requests.post(url=url,json=json)
print(r.text)
print(r.cookies)

#登錄成功后返回token，帶入下一個接口
for i in range(0,1):
    try:
        url="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
        data={
            "head":{"lastnotice":0,"msgid":"","accessToken":"89a08bff-15d7-4d7a-9967-0b5f4fb699ce"},
            "body":{"clinicid":"978f661e-1782-43bd-8675-b0ff1138ab7c","deptid":"09b8515b-b01b-4771-9356-aed6b5aa01bf","doctorid":"65ac0251-10ff-473a-af8a-20e8969176f7","registtype":0,"card_num":"","bcc334":"","patientopt":1,"bkc368":"1","patient":{"cardid":"","medicalcardid":"","label":"","sourcetype":1,"nationid":"01","maritalstatus":0,"address":"","company":"","jobname":"","email":"","remark":"","bcc334":"","name":"11","gender":1,"phone":"","birthdate":"2020-03-23","patienttype":1,"szsbcardid":""}}
        }
        r=requests.post(url=url,json=data,timeout=0.09)
        print(r.text)
        print(r.cookies)
    except:
        print('error')

7.4、sign簽名

# appid： wxd930ea5d5a258f4f
# mch_id： 10000100
# device_info： 1000
# body： test
# nonce_str： ibuaiVcKdpRxkhJA
import hashlib
#需要加密的字符串
stringA="appid=wxd930ea5d5a258f4fbody=testdevice_info=1000mch_id=10000100nonce_str=ibuaiVcKdpRxkhJA";
#構建一個對象為md
md=hashlib.md5()
#對stringA字符串進行編碼
md.update(stringA.encode()) 
#生成后的加密值
AES=md.hexdigest()
#把加密的結果，小寫轉大寫 upper函數
AES=AES.upper()
print(AES)

參考微信支付：https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wiki/doc/api/jsapi.php?chapter=4_3

8、自動化模塊劃分

config 配置文件（python package）#directory和python package大同小異
common 公共的方法（python package）
testdata 測試數據（python package）
test_case測試用例（python package）
report 報告（directory）
run_case 測試執行（python package）
log 日志

8.1、config配置文件

def server_ip():
    '''
    ait_ip=''開發環境的服務器ip
    sit_ip=''測試環境的服務器ip
    :return: 返回不同服務器的地址
    '''


    server_add={
        'dev_ip' : 'http://his.xxxxxxxxxxx.com',
        'sit_ip' : 'http://his.xxxxxxxxxxxx.comm'
    }
    return server_add['dev_ip']
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def sql_conf():
    '''
    host數據庫ip
    user數據庫用戶名
    password數據庫密碼
    database:連接數據庫名
    port數據庫端口
    chrset數據庫字符集 中文utf-8
    :return:
    '''
    host='localhost'
    user='root'
    password='123456'
    database='mysql'
    port=3306
    charset='utf8' #這用utf8，utf-8會報錯
    return host,user,password,database,port,charset

8.2、common 公共的方法

# 封裝一個讀取Excel表格數據的函數
# 對Excel表格數據的讀取需要用到一個庫——xlrd庫
import xlrd
def get_excel_value(i):
    '''
    讀取表中一行的數據
    :return:返回2，3行數據
    '''
    filename = r"../testdata/jiekou.xls" #文件要用相對路徑
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(filename)  # 打開一個工作薄，不需要手動進行關閉
    # sheet = book.sheet_by_name("Sheet1") 根據工作表的名字，獲取一個工作表對象
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)  # 獲取一個工作表，以index的方式，這里是獲取第1個工作表
    return sheet.cell_value(i,1),sheet.cell_value(i,2)
# print(sheet.nrows) #打印所有行
# print(sheet.ncols) #打印所有列
# print(sheet.row_values(0))  #打印第一行
# print(sheet.col_values(0))  #打印第一列
# print(sheet.cell_value(0,1)) #打印第一行，第二列
# for i in range(1, sheet.nrows):

    # print(sheet.cell_value(i,1),sheet.cell_value(i,2))# 打印單元格[所有數據]的值
    # str='(sheet.cell_value(i,1),sheet.cell_value(i,2)))'
    # print(str)
# for i in range(1, sheet.nrows):
#     # for j in range(0, sheet.ncols):
#         print(sheet.cell_value(i,j)) # 打印單元格[i,j]的值
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import pymysql
from config.sql_conf import *
def get_sql(sql):
    '''
    :param sql:運行查詢的sql語句
    :return:數據庫查詢結果
    '''
    #建立一個連接對象
    host, user, password, database, port, charset=sql_conf()
    db=pymysql.connect(host=host,user=user,password=password,database=database,port=port,charset=charset)
    #建立一個游標
    cursor=db.cursor()
    #執行sql語句
    cursor.execute(sql)
    #把sql運行的數據保存在data變量里面
    data=cursor.fetchall() #獲取查詢出的所有的值
    cursor.close() #關閉游標
    db.close() #關閉數據庫連接
    return data
# print(get_sql("SELECT help_topic_id FROM help_topic WHERE Name='MOD'")) #執行sql語句
# print(type(get_sql("SELECT help_topic_id FROM help_topic WHERE Name='MOD'")))

8.3、testdata 測試數據

主要存放xls，txt，csv測試數據

8.4、test_case測試用例

from common.get_mysql import get_sql
from config.cof import server_ip
from common.get_excel import *
from config.sql_conf import *
import requests
# user_id=get_sql("SELECT help_topic_id FROM help_topic WHERE Name='MOD'")#提取數據庫數據
# print(user_id)#打印結果
# assert get_sql("SELECT help_topic_id FROM help_topic WHERE Name='MOD'")#斷言數據庫的數據是否存在

def test_aokao_login():
     url=server_ip()+'/service/user/login'
     username,password=get_excel_value(1) #讀取文件第二行數據
     json={
          "head":{"accessToken":"","lastnotice":0,"msgid":""},
          "body":{"username":username,"password":password,"forceLogin":0}
     }

     # usernamepassword=get_excel_value(4)[0] #讀取文件第二行數據
     # print(type(usernamepassword))
     # #把str類型轉為字典格式 eval 函數
     # json=eval(usernamepassword)
     r=requests.post(url=url,json=json)
     print(r.text)
     assert r.status_code==200 #斷言狀態碼是否等于200
     assert '"accessToken":"89a08bff-15d7-4d7a-9967-0b5f4fb699ce",' in r.text #斷言返回信息是否包含accesstoken

def test_aokao_registadd():
     url = server_ip()+'/service/registration/registadd'
     data = {
          "head": {"lastnotice": 0, "msgid": "", "accessToken": "89a08bff-15d7-4d7a-9967-0b5f4fb699ce"},
          "body": {"clinicid": "978f661e-1782-43bd-8675-b0ff1138ab7c", "deptid": "09b8515b-b01b-4771-9356-aed6b5aa01bf",
                   "doctorid": "65ac0251-10ff-473a-af8a-20e8969176f7", "registtype": 0, "card_num": "", "bcc334": "",
                   "patientopt": 1, "bkc368": "1",
                   "patient": {"cardid": "", "medicalcardid": "", "label": "", "sourcetype": 1, "nationid": "01",
                               "maritalstatus": 0, "address": "", "company": "", "jobname": "", "email": "",
                               "remark": "", "bcc334": "", "name": "11", "gender": 1, "phone": "",
                               "birthdate": "2020-03-23", "patienttype": 1, "szsbcardid": ""}}
     }

     r = requests.post(url=url, json=data, timeout=0.09)
     print(r.text)
     print(r.cookies)
     assert r.status_code == 200  # 斷言狀態碼是否等于200

8.5、report 報告

主要存放html，xml報告

8.6、run_case 測試執行

import pytest

'''
測試文件以test_開頭，（以—_test結尾也可以）
測試類以Test開頭，并且不能帶有init 方法
測試函數以test_開頭
斷言使用基本的assert即可
'''
#如何去運行測試用例，_test開頭的函數就可以，判斷用例運行是否成功，assert斷言
if __name__=="__main__":
    #單個文件運行，運行添加，對應的文件路徑，路徑要用相對路徑
    # pytest.main(['../test_case//test_case_01.py'])
    #多個文件運行，運行添加多個對應的文件路徑，列表的形式，去添加多個文件的路徑
    # pytest.main(['../test_case/test_fore.py','../test_case/Dynamic correlation_token.py'])
    #運行整個目錄，添加目錄的路徑
    pytest.main(['../test_case/','--html=../report/report.html','--junitxml=../report/report.xml'])

'''
pytest生成報告：
1、生成html報告
'--html=../report/report.html'
2、生成xml報告
'--junitxml=../report/report.xml'
'''

到此這篇關于python+requests+pytest接口自動化的實現示例的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關python 接口自動化內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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