Nginx做為服務器，Mongo為數(shù)據(jù)庫支持，F(xiàn)lask為Python語言的Web框架，利用Docker的容器特性，可以簡單地部署在linux服務器上
項目準備
項目主要目錄如下
__ project-name
|__ docker-file
|__ ningx
|__ Dockerfile
|__ conf
|__ nginx.conf
|__ flask
|__ Dockerfile
|__ requirements.txt
|__ mongo
|__ Dockerfile
|__ setup.sh
|__ docker-compose.yml
|__ src
|__ app
|__ ...
|__ run.py
簡要說明
docker-file目錄為docker部署的配置文件
src目錄為flask應用的python代碼
Docker的詳細配置
docker-compose配置
version: '2.2'
services:
mongo:
build: ./mongo
volumes:
- "./mongo/db:/data/db"
restart: always
ports:
- "27017:27017"
environment:
MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: root
MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
flask:
build: ./flask
links:
- mongo
ports:
- "5000:5000"
expose:
- "5000"
volumes:
- ../src:/home/web
nginx:
build: ./nginx
links:
- flask
volumes:
- "./nginx/log:/var/log/nginx"
- "../:/usr/share/nginx/html"
ports:
- "80:80"
- "8080:8080"
- "443:443"
restart: always
MongoDB的配置
/mongo/Dockerfile的內(nèi)容如下
FROM mongo:3.6
# 設置時區(qū)
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone
# 設置工作目錄
ENV WORKDIR /usr/local/work
ENV AUTO_RUN_DIR /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
ENV INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL setup.sh
RUN mkdir -p $WORKDIR
# 復制數(shù)據(jù)庫的初始化命令
COPY ./$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL $AUTO_RUN_DIR/
RUN chmod +x $AUTO_RUN_DIR/$INSTALL_MONGO_SHELL
/mongo/setup.sh的內(nèi)容如下
該文件的目的是，啟動MongoDB后創(chuàng)建一個密碼為test的用戶test，并賦予它數(shù)據(jù)庫test的讀寫操作
#!/bin/bash
mongo <<EOF
use admin;
db.auth('root', '123456');
use dmx_aluminum;
db.createUser({user:'test',pwd:'test',roles:[{role:'readWrite',db:'test'}]});
db.createCollection("user");
EOF
Flask應用的配置
/flask/Dockerfile的內(nèi)容如下
FROM python:3.6
# 設置時區(qū)
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone
# 設置工作區(qū)
RUN mkdir -p /home/web
WORKDIR /home/web
# 添加依賴
ADD requirements.txt /home/web/requirements.txt
RUN pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ -r requirements.txt
# 使用gunicorn啟動應用
CMD gunicorn -w 4 -b 0.0.0.0:5000 run:app
/src/app/run.py的代碼
此處注釋了調(diào)試用的 app.run()，發(fā)布時用gunicorn啟動
from app import create_app
app = create_app('default')
app.debug=False
# if __name__ == '__main__':
# app.run()
Nginx的配置
/nginx/Dockerfile的內(nèi)容如下
FROM nginx:1.14
# 設置時區(qū)
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone
# 復制配置
COPY conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/nignx/conf/nginx.conf的內(nèi)容如下
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
# 開啟gzip
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
#gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png;
gzip_vary off;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
keepalive_timeout 5;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
location /static/ {
alias /usr/share/nginx/html/src/app/static/;
}
location / {
# checks for static file, if not found proxy to app
try_files $uri @flask_app;
}
location @flask_app {
proxy_pass http://192.168.0.2:5000; # 發(fā)布在阿里云上，應填寫內(nèi)網(wǎng)IP
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#proxy_buffers 8 32k;
#proxy_buffer_size 64k;
}
}
}
啟動部署
- 進入docker-flie目錄 cd docker-flie
- 啟動docker docker-compose up
- 查看容器狀態(tài) docker ps
- 本地部署瀏覽器輸入 127.0.0.1即可
最后出現(xiàn)類似docker_file_nginx_1,docker_file_mongo_1, docker_file_flask_1的3個容器，說明成功！??！
踩坑吐槽
1 mongol容器中的初始化文件需要放在 docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 目錄下
本人做過如下嘗試，會顯示 mongdb未啟動。
ADD setup.sh /data/setup.sh
RUN chmod +x /data/setup.sh
CMD ["/data/setup.sh"]
2 flask應用無法連接mongo，本文使用link方式。
在數(shù)據(jù)庫的配置應相應寫成：
MONGODB_SETTINGS = {
'db': 'test',
'host': 'mongo', # 127.0.0.1 host地址一定要寫你配置的--link的名字
'username': 'test',
'password': 'test',
'port': 27017
}
本地測試時改回127.0.0.1
3 nginx中配置使用的代理模式，其中執(zhí)行flask應用的IP，應為內(nèi)網(wǎng)IP
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
